bingshan@zju.edu.cn
Zhejiang University, Chemistry Department
The research area of the Shan Group involves photochemistry, polymer science and catalysis. The research focuses on polymer-based electrochemical, photochemical and photoelectrochemical materials that integrate molecular units with desired architectural, chemical and physical properties. By incorporation of organic and organometallic functionalities of discrete functional molecules, the group seeks to develop extended porous structures for sustainable photoelectrocatalytic devices toward carbon dioxide reduction, water splitting, ammonia synthesis and other molecular transformations.
Research Areas
Research
Flexible Polymer Electrodes for Photoelectrochemical Cells
We are developing polymer-based soft electrodes that incorporate necessary components to generate storable fuels in the presence of sunlight. The flexible porous electrodes are made hydrophilic, electrically conductive, transparent and chemically modifiable for integration of light absorption, charge transport and catalytic functions for solar driven chemical transformations.
Redox Hydrogel Networks for Catalytic Applications
In exploration of transparent, conductive and porous polymer networks, we are developing hydrogel electrodes having redox couples that are bound to the cross-linked polymer network through covalent and coordinative bonds. The redox hydrogels being developed conduct electrons by self-exchange of charges between rapidly reduced or oxidized redox centers. The high transparency and conductivity of the porous materials enable them a wide range of applications including using as semi-conductive substrates in photoelectrochemical cells.
Single Atom Catalysis Supported by Polymer Networks
The subgroup develops polymer supported single atom catalysts by applying self-assembly strategies coupled with dynamic coordination methods that fine tune all functional aspects of catalytic systems. In the materials, the conductive polymer networks electrically wire catalytic reaction centers to charge suppliers, and accommodate structural changes of catalytic intermediates generated during CO2 /O2 reduction, water splitting and ammonia synthesis.
Photoresponsive Polymer-Sensitized Solar Fuel Devices
When applied as photosensitizers, conjugated polymers exhibit advantages over small molecular counterparts in their soft-matter nature, superior electrical conductivity, facile structural variability and low energy requirements for device integration. In this subgroup, we are investigating conjugated polymers owning excited states appropriate for driving photoelctrocatalytic reactions when coupled with nanoporous framework catalysts .
Publications
(1) Yanjie Fang, Bing Shan*. Enhancing Charge Separation by Lattice Coherency Engineering in Heterojunction Photocatalysis. Chem Catalysis, 2022, 2, 10-12.
(2) Linda Nhon#, Bing Shan#, Aaron D. Taggart, Rylan M. W. Wolfe, Ting-Ting Li, Christina M. Klug, Animesh Nayak, R. Morris Bullock, James F. Cahoon, Thomas J. Meyer*, Kirk S. Schanze*, John R. Reynolds*. Influence of Surface and Structural Variations in Donor–Acceptor–Donor Sensitizers on Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 47499-47510.
(3) Yanming Liu,* Haolei Yang, Xinfei Fan, Bing Shan, Thomas J. Meyer*. Promoting Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Ethanol by B/N-doped sp3/sp2 Nanocarbon Electrode. Chin. Chem. Lett., 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.063.
(4) Deepak Badgurjar, Bing Shan, Animesh Nayak, Lei Wu, Raghu Chitta, Thomas J. Meyer*. Electron-Withdrawing Boron Dipyrromethene Dyes As Visible Light Absorber/Sensitizers on Semiconductor Oxide Surfaces. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 7768−7776.
(5) Bing Shan, Srinivas Vanka, Ting-ting Li, Ludovic Troian-Gautier, M. Kyle Brennaman, Zetian Mi, Thomas J. Meyer*. Binary Molecular-Semiconductor p-n Junctions for Photoelectrocatalytic CO2 Reduction. Nature Energy, 2019, 4, 290–299.
(6) Bing Shan, Animesh Nayak, Olivia F. Williams, Dillon C. Yost, Nicholas F. Polizzi, Yanming Liu, Ninghao Zhou, Yosuke Kanai, Andrew M. Moran, Michael J. Therien, Thomas J. Meyer*. Excitation Energy-Dependent Photocurrent Switching in a Single-Molecule Photodiode. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2019, 116, 16198–16203.
(7) Bing Shan, M. Kyle Brennaman, Ludovic Troian-Gautier, Yanming Liu, Animesh Nayak, Christina M. Klug, Ting-Ting Li, R. Morris Bullock, Thomas J. Meyer*. A Silicon-Based Heterojunction Integrated with a Molecular Excited State in a Water-Splitting Tandem Cell. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141, 10390–10398.
(8) Bing Shan, Ting-ting Li, M. Kyle Brennaman, Thomas J. Meyer*. Charge Transfer from Upconverting Nanocrystals to Semiconducting Electrodes: Optimizing Thermodynamic Outputs by Electronic Energy Transfer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141, 463–471.
(9) Patricia R. Fontenot, Bing Shan, Bo Wang, Spenser Simpson, Gayathri Ragunathan, Angelique F. Greene, Antony Obanda, Leigh A. Hunt, Nathan I. Hammer, Charles E. Webster, Joel T. Mague, Russell H. Schmehl*, James P. Donahue*. Photocatalytic H2-Evolution by Homogeneous Molybdenum Sulfide Clusters Supported by Dithiocarbamate Ligands. Inorg. Chem., 2019, 58, 16458-16474.
(10) Ting-ting Li, Bing Shan, Thomas J. Meyer*. Stable Molecular Photocathode for Solar-Driven CO2 Reduction in Aqueous Solutions. ACS Energy Lett., 2019, 4, 629–636.
(11) Ting-Ting Li, Bing Shan, Wei Xu, Thomas J. Meyer*. Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction with a Ruthenium Catalyst in Solution and on Nanocrystalline TiO2. ChemSusChem 2019, 12, 2402 –2408.
(12) Yanming Liu, Xinfei Fan, Animesh Nayak, Ying Wang, Bing Shan, Xie Quan, Thomas J. Meyer*. Steering CO2 Electroreduction Toward Ethanol Production by a Surface-Bound Ru Polypyridyl Carbene Catalyst on N-Doped Porous Carbon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2019, 116, 26353-26358.
(13) Lei Wu, Michael Eberhart, Bing Shan, Animesh Nayak, M. Kyle Brennaman, Alexander J. M. Miller*, Jing Shao*, Thomas J. Meyer*. Stable Molecular Surface Modification of Nanostructured, Mesoporous Metal Oxide Photoanodes by Silane and Click Chemistry. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 4560–4567.
(14) Qing Liu, Degao Wang, Bing Shan, Benjamin Sherman, Seth Marquard, Michael Eberhart, Meichuan Liu, Chunhui Li, Thomas Meyer*. Light-Driven Water Oxidation by a Dye-Sensitized Photoanode with a Chromophore/Catalyst Assembly on a Mesoporous Double-Shell Electrode. J. Chem. Phys., 2019, 150, 041727.
(15) Bing Shan, Animesh Nayak, M. Kyle Brennaman, Meichuan Liu, Seth L. Marquard, Michael S. Eberhart, Thomas J. Meyer*. Controlling Vertical and Lateral Electron Migration Using a Bifunctional Chromophore Assembly in Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140, 6493–6500.
(16) Bing Shan# Animesh Nayak#, Renato N. Sampaio, Michael S. Eberhart, Ludovic Troian-Gautier, M. Kyle Brennaman, Gerald J. Meyer, Thomas J. Meyer*. Direct Photoactivation of a Nickel-Based, Water-Splitting Photocathode by a Highly Conjugated Supramolecular Chromophore. Energy Environ. Sci., 2018, 11, 447 –455.
(17) Lei Wu, Michael Eberhart, Animesh Nayak, M. Kyle Brennaman, Bing Shan, Thomas J. Meyer*. A Molecular Silane-Derivatized Ru (II) Catalyst for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140, 15062−15069.
(18) Michael S. Eberhart, Leah M. Bowers, Bing Shan, Ludovic T-Gautier, M. Kyle Brennaman, John M. Papanikolas, Thomas J. Meyer*. Completing a Charge Transport Chain for Artificial Photosynthesis. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140, 9823–9826.
(19) Bing Shan, Benjamin D. Sherman, Christina M. Klug, Animesh Nayak, Seth L. Marquard, Qing Liu, R. Morris Bullock, Thomas J. Meyer*. Modulating Hole Transport in Multilayered Photocathodes with Derivatized p-Type Nickel Oxide and Molecular Assemblies for Solar-Driven Water Splitting. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 4374−4379.
(20) Bing Shan, Byron H. Farnum, Kyung-Ryang Wee, Thomas J. Meyer*. Generation of Long-Lived Redox Equivalents in Self-Assembled Bilayer Structures on Metal Oxide Electrodes. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2017, 121, 5882–5890.
(21) Bing Shan, Atanu. K. Das, Seth L. Marquard, Byron H. Farnum, Degao Wang, R. Morris Bullock, Thomas J. Meyer*. Photogeneration of Hydrogen from Water by a Robust Dye-Sensitized Photocathode. Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, 9, 3693–3697.
(22) Bing Shan, Russell H. Schmehl*. Photochemical Generation of Strong One-Electron Reductants via Light-Induced Electron Transfer with Reversible Donors Followed by Cross Reaction with Sacrificial Donors. J. Phys. Chem. A, 2014, 118, 10400–10406.
(23) Bing Shan, Teera Baine, Xuan Anh N. Ma, Xuan Zhao, Russell H. Schmehl*. Mechanistic Details for Cobalt Catalyzed Photochemical Hydrogen Production in Aqueous Solution: Efficiencies of the Photochemical and Non-Photochemical Steps. Inorg. Chem., 2013, 52, 4853–4859.
(24) Animesh Nayak, Ke Hu, Subhangi Roy, M. Kyle Brennaman, Bing Shan, Melissa Gish, Gerald J. Meyer*, Thomas J. Meyer*. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of a Covalently Linked, Porphyrin Chromophore-Ru (II) Water Oxidation Catalyst Assembly on SnO2 Electrodes. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2018, 122, 13455–13461.
(25) Gyu Leem, Hayden T. Black, Bing Shan, Jose P. O. Bantang, Thomas J. Meyer, John R. Reynolds*, Kirk S. Schanze*. Photocathode Chromophore–Catalyst Assembly via Layer-By-Layer Deposition of a Low Band-Gap Isoindigo Conjugated Polyelectrolyte. ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2018, 1, 62–67.
(26) Degao Wang, Matthew V. Sheridan, Bing Shan, Byron H. Farnum, Seth L. Marquard, Benjamin D. Sherman, Michael S. Eberhart, Animesh Nayak, Christopher J. Dares, Atanu K. Das, R. Morris Bullock, Thomas J. Meyer*. Layer-by-Layer Molecular Assemblies for Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 14518–14525.
(27) Michael S. Eberhart, Degao Wang, Renato N. Sampaio, Seth L. Marquard, Bing Shan, Matthew. K. Brennaman, Gerald J. Meyer, Christopher Dares, Thomas J. Meyer*. Water Photo-Oxidation Initiated by Surface-Bound Organic Chromophores. J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2017, 139, 16248–16255.
